Beauty

What is Beauty ?

       Beauty is a characteristic of an animal, idea, object, person or place that provides a perceptual experience of pleasure or satisfaction. Beauty is studied as part of aesthetics, culture, social psychology, philosophy and sociology. An "ideal beauty" is an entity which is admired, or possesses features widely attributed to beauty in a particular culture, for perfection.

       Ugliness is considered to be the opposite of beauty.

       The experience of "beauty" often involves an interpretation of some entity as being in balance and harmony with nature, which may lead to feelings of attraction and emotional well-being. Because this can be a subjective experience, it is often said that "beauty is in the eye of the beholder."

        There is evidence that perceptions of beauty are evolutionary determined, that things, aspects of people and landscapes considered beautiful are typically found in situations likely to give enhanced survival of the perceiving human's genes.

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Ancient Greek:

        The classical Greek noun that best translates to the English-language words "beauty" or "beautiful" was kxyyc, kallos, and the adjective was καλός, kalos. However, kalos may and is also translated as ″good″ or ″of fine quality″ and thus has a broader meaning than mere physical or material beauty. Similarly, kallos was used differently from the English word beauty in that it first and foremost applied to humans and bears an erotic connotation.

        The Koine Greek word for beautiful was ὡραῖος, hōraios, an adjective etymologically coming from the word ὥρα, hōra, meaning "hour". In Koine Greek, beauty was thus associated with "being of one's hour". Thus, a ripe fruit (of its time) was considered beautiful, whereas a young woman trying to appear older or an older woman trying to appear younger would not be considered beautiful. In Attic Greek, hōraios had many meanings, including "youthful" and "ripe old age".

       The earliest Western theory of beauty can be found in the works of early Greek philosophers from the pre-Socratic period, such as Pythagoras. The Pythagorean school saw a strong connection between mathematics and beauty. In particular, they noted that objects proportioned according to the golden ratio seemed more attractive. Ancient Greek architecture is based on this view of symmetry and proportion.

The Age of Reason:

             

      The Age of Reason saw a rise in an interest in beauty as a philosophical subject. For example, Scottish philosopher Francis Hutcheson argued that beauty is "unity in variety and variety in unity".The Romantic poets, too, became highly concerned with the nature of beauty, with John Keats arguing in "Ode on a Grecian Urn" that

      Beauty is truth, truth beauty, —that is all.

      Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.

The Romantic period:

       

       In the Romantic period, Edmund Burke postulated a difference between beauty in its classical meaning and the sublime. The concept of the sublime, as explicated by Burke and Kant, suggested viewing Gothic art and architecture, though not in accordance with the classical standard of beauty, as sublime.

The 20th century and after:

      The 20th century saw an increasing rejection of beauty by artists and philosophers alike, culminating in postmodernism's anti-aesthetics. This is despite beauty being a central concern of one of postmodernism's main influences, Friedrich Nietzsche, who argued that the Will to Power was the Will to Beauty.

     In the aftermath of postmodernism's rejection of beauty, thinkers have returned to beauty as an important value. American analytic philosopher Guy Sircello proposed his New Theory of Beauty as an effort to reaffirm the status of beauty as an important philosophical concept.Elaine Scarry also argues that beauty is related to justice.

Human beauty:

      Hrithik Roshan won the Eastern Eye's 'Sexiest Man in the World' award

        The characterization of a person as “beautiful”, whether on an individual basis or by community consensus, is often based on some combination of inner beauty, which includes psychological factors such as personality, intelligence, grace, politeness, charisma, integrity, congruence and elegance, and outer beauty (i.e. physical attractiveness) which includes physical attributes which are valued on an aesthetic basis.

       Standards of beauty have changed over time, based on changing cultural values. Historically, paintings show a wide range of different standards for beauty. However, humans who are relatively young, with smooth skin, well-proportioned bodies, and regular features, have traditionally been considered the most beautiful throughout history.

Effects on society:

     Beauty presents a standard of comparison, and it can cause resentment and dissatisfaction when not achieved. People who do not fit the "beauty ideal" may be ostracized within their communities. The television sitcom  Ugly Betty portrays the life of a girl faced with hardships due to society's unwelcoming attitudes toward those they deem unattractive. However, a person may also be targeted for harassment because of their beauty. In Malena, a strikingly beautiful Italian woman is forced into poverty by the women of the community who refuse to give her work for fear that she may "woo" their husbands. The documentary Beauty in the Eyes of the Beheld explores both the societal blessings and curses of female beauty through interviews of women considered beautiful.

Writers' definitions:

Saint Augustine of Hippo
Saint Augustine of Hippo, Gerard Seghers(attr)
Doctor of the Church, bishop, philosopher, theologian
Born	13 November 354 Thagaste, Numidia (now Souk Ahras, Algeria)
Died	28 August 430 (age 75) Hippo Regius, Numidia (now modern-day Annaba, Algeria)

           St. Augustine said of beauty "Beauty is indeed a good gift of God; but that the good may not think it a great good, God dispenses it even to the wicked.

Umberto Eco
Umberto Eco in 1984
Born	5 January 1932 Alessandria, Piedmont, Italy
Died	19 February 2016 (aged 84) Milan, Lombardy, Italy
Influences
Signature

      Philosopher and novelist Umberto Eco wrote On Beauty: A history of a Western idea (2004) and On Ugliness (2007). A character in his novel The Name of the Rose declares: "three things concur in creating beauty: first of all integrity or perfection, and for this reason we consider ugly all incomplete things; then proper proportion or consonance; and finally clarity and light", before going on to say "the sight of the beautiful implies peace"

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What is Junk Food ?

 What is Junk Food ? 

            Junk food is usually called chips, candy-like snacks around the world. Belly-baked fast food such as burgers, pizzas are also called junk food, so some communities consider classical food like gaiety, gourd, fish and chips as junk food. What comes in this category, it also depends on social status many times. If the list of junk food is very long for the upper class, then the middle class keeps many food items out of it. To some extent, it is also right, especially in the case of classical food. These foods, which are prepared by conventional method over the centuries, are rich in nutrients.

Top 10 Best Things About Junk Food:

1. Junk Food Is Everywhere

    Getting a quick takeaway meal hasn’t always been so easy, in fact it’s only a few generations ago that there wasn’t such a thing. And a few more generations before that and you were pretty lucky to get any food at all.

   Now it’s absolutely everywhere. We have outsourced a large percentage of our cooking and who doesn’t want to do that. No matter what style of food we want, or what time of day we want it, there will be a takeaway store close at hand.

2. Junk Food Has Gherkins

   The humble Gherkin never reached great culinary heights, nor a large audience, until the advent of the fast food hamburger. When pickled, particularly in the way that junk food places do it, gherkins become little flavor bombs that are perfect for all types of burger style dishes.

  Bun, tasteless. Lettuce, tasteless. Cheese, tasteless. Meat, kind of tasteless. Gherkin? Flavor bomb! We love the gherkin.

3. Junk Food Leaves No Dishes

   This may seem like a minor point but it’s certainly important enough to make the list. Remember, it’s not just the plates and cutlery that you use eating your own food, it’s all the damn frying pans and pots and mixing bowls and stirring spoons you use to make the food in the first place. And the frying pan oil all over the back of the stove and the wall.

   A dishwasher helps with all this but it’s still an exercise.

  Junk food only requires you to squash the packaging, if you want, and put it in the bin. Along with the plastic knives and forks you’ve used. Absolute gold.

4. Junk Food Has Some Nutrients

   Junk food critics focus on the bad things in the food. The high levels of fat and so on. Fair enough, but let’s not ignore the good things in junk food. Gherkins are a vegetable and have important nutrients, tomatoes are good anti-oxidants, onion is a great anti-inflammatory and lettuce has… stuff. There would definitely be some fibre in there somewhere.

   The critics might also argue that the quantity of nutrients in junk food is very small. We’re not arguing that point but still, there are some nutrients.

5. Junk Food Fills You Up

   Noumea cuisine, a French style of cooking that focusses on the presentation of the food, became popular in restaurants around the world in the 1960’s. The food sure looked great but there was generally not a lot of it. It’s hard to make visually appealing, delicate dishes when the plate is overflowing with food.

    Presentation of junk food on the other hand is not a priority (except in the advertising). In fact junk food mostly comes in boxes so we don’t even see it until we are lifting it to our mouth.

  But there’s plenty of it. A typical order might be a burger, perhaps with a double patty and extra cheese, a side of chicken nuggets, large chips, large drink and ice cream. It’s a feast. And if you want more it only takes a minute to get it.

  Junk food is great for filling you up and who doesn’t love that feeling.

6. Junk Food Is Social

  Going out is half the fun of getting junk food. You will often go with other people, take the kids or meet friends down there. You see what’s going on in the neighborhood and might even decide to stop at the local park to eat.

  Junk food is packed and ready to transport so you are free to move and be social.

7. Junk Food Is Predictable

   Have you ever had junk food that didn’t taste like you thought it would taste? Or had an ingredient in it that you didn’t know was in it? Or was smaller than you thought it would be?

  No, junk food is totally predictable. This can be a bad thing if you are looking for gastronomic delights, but it’s incredibly reassuring for all the rest of us. No difficult decisions to make.

8. Junk Food Is Cheap

When we say that junk food is cheap we’re not kidding. Of course it’s cheaper to buy real food and cook it at home, but that’s not we want to do.

To have someone else go shopping for us, cook our dinner for us, on someone else’s stove, wrap it nicely for us and give us some knives and forks takes quite a bit of time and effort. To do it all for the prices they charge just goes to show how efficient they are.

Junk food is cheap, particularly if you remember that you are outsourcing your time.

9. Junk Food Is Ready to Eat

If it wasn’t for hangovers this would be a clear number 1. Junk food is really, really easy to find, quick to order, quick to receive (don’t even leave the car) and packed totally ready to eat. No thinking about ingredients, going to the supermarket, unpacking stuff into the fridge and then, ahhh, cooking.

The hardest thing you need to do to have junk food is decide where to eat it. Will you eat it where you buy it, in the car, on the couch when you get home, in a park or on the beach perhaps? Deciding where to eat dinner is a much more pleasant experience than the horrific alternative.

10. Junk Food Is The Best Hangover Food

It’s bad enough that we sometimes drink more alcohol than we should, but on the way home from a night out, or the next morning, our bodies develop an insatiable craving for junk food. Talk about out of the frying pan into the fire!

Is junk food really the best hangover food? Our careful research provides overwhelming evidence in the affirmative. Of the people we surveyed, a huge 63% said they only eat junk food when they have been out drinking alcohol.

Whether it’s the trans fatty acids, liquid sugar, hormone and anti-biotic-fed meat, processed starch or high levels of salt we don’t know. Maybe it’s the gherkins? We hope so because those gherkins are just so damn good.

Damage from junk food :

    According to Dr. Sushil Gupta, Professor of Endocrinology Department of Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Research Institute, the number of obese patients has increased in the last 10 years due to the arrival of junk food. These include not only children but also youth groups. [1] Professor G. of Gastroenterology Department of this institute. Chowdhury says that junk food contains excessive carbohydrate, fat and sugars. Most of the recipes to be made of palanquin include pizza, burgers, frankie, chips, chocolates, and potatoes. According to Pallavi Cain of VL CC expert, 150-200 people in burgers, 300 in pizzas, 200 in soft drinks and pastries, and about 120 kg of calories in the cake, are now being dominated by obesity. It has also been said that a child coming from a poor diet during pregnancy may be at risk of lifetime obesity, high cholesterol and blood sugar. A team of researchers from the Royal Veterinary College in England used it on rats.

      

       They gave a group of female rats to eat processed junk food like pregnancy and breastfeeding, donuts, muffins, cookies, chips and dessert. While giving normal food to non-junk food to the second group of pregnant female rats, Researchers conducted a comparative study of these two groups of female rats. The cholesterol and the level of fat in the blood were found in the children born of those who were given junk food. It is worth noting that cholesterol and fat both increase the risk of heart disease. Not only this, the levels of glucose and insulin have also been increased in children of pregnant women taking junk food, which increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Though such mothers grew up with obesity even when the children grew up. This study has appeared in the latest issue of the Journal of Physiology.  Junk food intake and obesity leads to lack of hormones in women, which can lead to infertility

Top Ten Effects Of Junk Food On Children:

         Junk food effects on health of children are many and appalling. Here are the top ten reasons how junk food affects children and why you should ensure your child stays away from junk food:

1. Increased Blood Pressure:

The sodium in the salt increases the blood pressure.

• This is the root cause of hypertension.
• This in turn weakens the circulatory system of the body.

2. Fatigue:

Your child probably gets a feeling of fullness in the tummy while consuming junk food.

• It is bereft of carbohydrate and protein which give energy.
• Your child becomes are tired and drained out.
• As a result, it becomes difficult for your child to perform the daily tasks.

3. Less Emotional Quotient:

Hormonal imbalance is a major change experienced in the growing years of 6-12.

• Your child will experience a lot of mood swings and changes in behavior.
• A nutritious diet is essential to maintain a healthy, hormonal balance which junk food will deprive your child of.
• Depression is one of the common effects of junk food addiction in kids.

4. Kidney Disease:

Increased blood pressure affects the kidney’s function.

• A common effect of increased Sodium levels is Edema-water retention in the body.
• It is one of the signs of a dysfunctional kidney.

5. Diabetes:

The sugar in the colas, sodas and beverages contain high amount of sugar. The absence of other nutrients in junk food to bring the best out of sugar causes adverse effects on your child.

• High chances of malfunction of insulin secretion.
• Could result in Diabetes type 2 in your child now or at a later age.

6. Obesity:

The fat used for flavouring and seasoning in the junk food accumulates in the body.

• Low energy levels do not encourage your child to engage in physical activity.
• Leads to obesity.
• A risk on the heart.
• Reduces the self-esteem of your child.

7. Digestive Disorder:

The base of the junk food is more processed and has less natural nutrients.

• It has very less fibre.
• Chances of constipation are more.
• Hence risk of intestinal disorder, colon cancer at a later age of life.

8. Retarded Growth:

Your growing child needs all the core nutrients required for a good bone and dental growth.

• Adds excess weight on the thighs and hips
• Leads to an early onset of Osteoporosis.
• Sugar could cause tooth decay to the permanent teeth setting in.

9. Heart Disease:

Slabs of cheese are the main ingredient in junk food.

• Fat raises cholesterol levels.
• Deposits in the channels of the heart
• Root of heart disease.
• Chances of a stroke are high in the later stages of life.

10. Slow Brain-Work:

Pre-teens have to be in the race to prove better. Junk food lacks nutrients which provide alertness to the brain.

• Leads to inability to concentrate on the tasks.
• Retention capabilities are low.
• Reduces the learning abilities.

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